Feudalism, a structure that for centuries controlled the political and social landscape of Europe, emerged from the ashes of the Roman Empire. In its prime, land was the basis of power, and lords granted fiefs to vassals in exchange for allegiance. Peasants labored the soil, providing sustenance for their lords and themselves. This mutually benefic

Around the first century advert, the Coptic alphabet begun for use along with the Demotic script. Coptic is often a modified Greek alphabet Together with the addition of some Demotic signs.[125] Though official hieroglyphs were being Employed in a ceremonial position until the fourth century, toward the top only a small handful of priests could con

planet history: the analyze of history from a global perspective, with Specific attention to non-Western societies. In lists of historians, historians is usually grouped by get on the historic interval in which they were composing, which is not automatically similar to the period of time in which they specialised. Chroniclers and annalists, nevert